Today
- 10:00-11:45: Presentation and Workshop
- 11:45-12:15: Lunch
- 12:15-2:00: Community of Practice: Co-working, discussion, etc
Before we begin...
- This is not going to be an introduction to TEI
- But completely OK if you aren't familiar!
- Main point is to understand the affordances of the TEI and how individuals (and projects) can intervene
- But also: please feel free to interrupt, ask questions, etc
Today
- Text Hierarchy and the TEI
- What TEI enables
- Authorial and Editorial Interventions
- Certainty and Responsibility
The TEI
A set of shared, community-developed guidelines for encoding text
Started in the 1990s (preceding HTML)
Used by many projects across the world in many different languages and for many different reasons
Website: https://tei-c.org/
TEI and the "Hierarchy"
- Text = "Ordered Hierarchy of Content Objects" [OHCO] (De Rose et al., 1990)
Having a Coke With You
is even more fun than going to San Sebastian, Irún, Hendaye, Biarritz,
or being sick to my stomach on the Travesera de Gracia in Barcelona
partly because in your orange shirt you look like a better happier St. Sebastian
partly because of my love for you, partly because of your love for yoghurt
<div>
<head>Having a Coke With You</head>
is even more fun than going to San Sebastian, Irún, Hendaye, Biarritz,
or being sick to my stomach on the Travesera de Gracia in Barcelona
partly because in your orange shirt you look like a better happier St. Sebastian
partly because of my love for you, partly because of your love for yoghurt
</div>
<div>
<head>Having a Coke With You</head>
<lg>
<l>is even more fun than going to San Sebastian, Irún, Hendaye, Biarritz,</l>
<l>or being sick to my stomach on the Travesera de Gracia in Barcelona</l>
<l>partly because in your orange shirt you look like a better happier St. Sebastian</l>
<l>partly because of my love for you, partly because of your love for yoghurt</l>
</lg>
</div>
<div>
<head>Having a Coke With You</head>
<lg>
<l>is even more fun than going to <placeName>San Sebastian</placeName>, <placeName>Irún</placeName>, Hendaye, Biarritz,</l>
<l>or being sick to my stomach on the <placeName>Travesera de Gracia</placeName> in Barcelona</l>
<l>partly because in your orange shirt you look like a better happier <persName>St. Sebastian</persName></l>
<l>partly because of my love for you, partly because of your love for yoghurt</l>
</lg>
</div>
But this can get tricky...
Activity: Working with the Hierarchy
Discussion
What are some ways this could be encoded?
- As a list?
- As a table?
- As a sequence of events?
- As a set of blocks?
Reading the TEI Guidelines
Authorial Interventions
- Structured text = in-situ encoding; in-situ interventions
- Denoting additions, deletions, substitutions, and multiple hands
- add = an addition to the text
- del = a deletion within the text
- subst = a substitution (e.g. add + del)
- surplus = unnecessary or additional text
- These can also be placed on the page (using @place)
- They can also be identified as belonging to different hands (using @hand)
<item>
<label><del>163</del>1630</label>
</item>
Paul
(Falling)
You have too!
You can have one if you want.
Additions, deletions, et cetera
- What is the hierarchy of an addition or deletion?
- Can be understood as another textual hierarchy or something that breaks the established hierarchy of text
<sp>
<speaker>Jen</speaker>
<ab>
<subst>
<del>Can I?</del>
<add>Who?</add>
</subst>
</ab>
</sp>
<addSpan spanTo="#spEnd"/>
<sp>
<speaker>Paul</speaker>
<ab>You know darn well — (means himself)</ab>
</sp>
<anchor xml:id="spEnd"/>
Editorial Interventions
- supplied = text supplied for editorial reasons
- gap = text omitted for editorial reasons
- note = Usually, an editorial note (but not always)
<p>How<gap reason="damaged"/>
I hated him for his wealth,
<gap reason="damage"/>
ess, his good breeding, his pitying con
<gap reason="damaged"/>
me. I wanted to be rich myself, but I h
<supplied cert="high" resp="pers:SL1">a</supplied>
ted, I detested, all who had wealth, for they seemed to mock me. He was the man who had brought us to poverty, who had sold my father up, beggared him, killed him. And yet he dared to pity me. He was the proprietor of a large manufactory, a man who paid poor girls to work for him from 75 cents to $1 a week, and yet was a pillar of his church, an M. P., an Honorable, in fact, my employer’s best client. One day he came to me and offered to help me, to give me his old clothes. I refused quietly at first but when he had left me I went nearly mad. To be offered old clothes! Had it come to this to be offered charity by mine enemy? Great God! W
<gap reason="illegible"/>
so wretched
<gap reason="damaged"/>
</p>
Responsibility and Certainty
- TEI also allows you to encode responsibility and certainty
- E.g. if you want to denote that a particular editor was responsible for a particular intervention
Use cases for responsibility and certainty
- Multiple editorial notes from multiple editors
- Certainty of supplied text
- Others?
Recap
- TEI is based on a hierarchical understanding of text; requires choosing a dominant hierarchy for your analysis (but there are mechanisms to get around it)
- Allows for nuanced and fine-grained specification of additions, deletions, substitutions, including revision campaigns
- Allows for nuanced and fine-grained specification of editorial interventions (gap, supplied, choice, and editorial notes)
- Uncertainty and responsibility can be specified on all elements (in situ)
Further Exploration
- Multiple witnesses and collations (app, lem, rdg)
- Multiple versions / genetic editions
- See Ch. 13 Critical Apparatus
- See also the Walt Whitman Archive
Next Sessions
- July 23 (SFU Downtown): People, Organizations, Time, and Place
- August 11 (UBC): Language, Speech, and Thought